but it is doubtful that is a thing these days. Since the terms "bolt" and "screw" were in use before the advent of easily-produced helix fasteners, they are often synonymous. Choose from our selection of hex head screws, including over 35,100 products in a wide range of styles and sizes. So old is this tool that the first historical mention dates back to the 1500s. A Sunday Oregonian article from 1939 stated that Thompson, who died in Portland on September 4, 1940, had been an auto mechanic when he invented the screw. Thompson. Fit in countersunk holes for a flush finish. Robertson. Screw clamps are normally used for hoses 1/2 inch diameter and up, with other clamps used for smaller hoses. S. It improved the profile and introduced the screw to the market in 1936/37. Christopher Spencer invented the first fully automated turret lathe in 1873, which led to designs using cam action or hydraulic mechanisms. When did the flat head screw come out? The screwdriver is a tool that has been around for centuries, with the first historical mention dating back to the 1500s. Note the flat spot on the shaft, the irregular threads, blunt tip and the off-center slot. A comprehensive drill bit and tap size chart lists metric and imperial sized drills alongside the required screw tap sizes. How old is furniture with flat head screws? Country furniture made with these screws can easily be dated to the 10-year period 1846 to 1856. Demonstration inclined plane used in education, Museo Galileo, Florence. Their successors were able to achieve success by producing upwards of 16,000 screws a day using a team of only 30 people. A McGill stapler. In fact, one of its initial selling points was that it was a patented, proprietary, security screw. In 1797, Englishmen,. Flat-head screwdriver, a screwdriver designed to turn slotted screws; Flat-head screw, a screw with a flat top, designed to be installed in a countersunk hole; Flathead engine, a valve configuration; Places. They are stronger than Grade 8 steel screws and are nearly two and a half times stronger than stainless steel thread-locking screws. In handmade screws, you will notice variation in size and shape of screws used in a piece of furniture. Dome heads are a popular screw head type used to enhance various projects with an appealing aesthetic. S. As for the modern-day fasteners, they were only invented in the 18th century, with mass production starting in 1760. South Loop Store. The standard specifies the dimensions, materials, mechanical properties and marking of. What are some little known facts about screws? Little known facts about Screws: Many of the carpenter tools today were invented before or during the Roman Age. Both the tool and socket have a slight taper. He sold the patent to the Phillips Screw Company. Even torx. The first US power plug and socket dated 1904. As screws have changed throughout the decades, they can be used to help age an object. The Robertson, or square-drive screw, which only recently gained acceptance in the United States, has been favored in Canada for decades. The screw was also apparently. Also known as trim-head deck screws, they have a small flat head and slender shank to reduce the risk of splitting. The speed opener is a flat blade of steel approximately 4 cm wide and 16 cm long with a thumb hole at one end and a. Flat Head (or Slotted Head) Screwdriver. Choose from our selection of Phillips thread-forming screws in a wide range of styles and sizes. Screws are inserted via torque applied--in a clockwise manner--to the head with a screw drive. Levi Strauss is credited for the invention of pockets. That is a remnant of the square nail stock. No other screw type has that ability. The tamper-resistant hex drive (also known as a pin-in hex drive) makes them difficult to remove without special tools. These were common in GM automobiles, trucks and buses of the 1940s and 1950s. Insert the screwdriver into the head of the screw. It is considered by some that the screw thread was invented in about 400BC by Archytas of Tarentum (428 BC - 350 BC). 4 / 11. They are stronger than Grade 8 steel screws and are nearly two and a half times stronger than stainless steel thread-locking screws. Different types of screw heads include Slotted, Square or Robertson, Trox or Star, etc. Green Robertson screwdriver (#1) operates with screw types 5, 6, and 7, with a recess size range of 2. The gel increases the friction between the drill bit and the screw head by as much as 400 percent and pretty much eliminates stripped heads. Phillips. Flatheads were widely used internationally by automobile manufacturers from the late 1890s until the. Pozidriv Screwdriver. A flathead, once over bent or worn out can be returned to a blacksmith and remade without buying a new tool. g. In the 1950s, Illinois fire-protection engineer Paul Quigg and a team of co-workers at the U. Up until that time, almost all screws were “straight drive” or “slot head” screws. The auto industry ate this up making them dominant in the early 1900s. Available in interior and exterior styles. Apply enough pressure on the driver to keep it in the slot. The history of the hinge stretches so far back into antiquity that archaeologists aren’t sure of its exact origin. These tools were developed in the 19th century as an improvement over flathead screwdrivers because the shape of the screwdriver head provides better traction or grip when you are driving or removing screws. though most machine-made double screw cap flasks were made after repeal of Prohibition in 1934. The screw was one of the last of the simple machines to be invented. Screws may be mildly magnetic. Becoming more common with Torx / Six-lobe drives as well. , screw machines and chuckers), were one of the most important classes of machine tools for mass production. 77-1. In 1770, English instrument maker, Jesse Ramsden (1735-1800) invented the first. The pants he produced were known as “waist overalls,” and they were made of denim, a fabric that was popular at the time because it was tough, durable, and flexible. Hex Washer Head Screws. Thompson who, in 1932, patented (#1,908,080) a recessed cruciform screw and in 1933, a screwdriver for it. Choose from our selection of flush head screws, including hex drive flat head screws, Phillips flat head screws, and more. These 20th-century screw-topped bottles have. They have a Torx drive that has more points of contact than other drives, allowing you to tighten the screw without damaging the recess. Use 1-5/8-in. A 'right-handed' propeller on a merchant vessel, which rotates clockwise to propel the ship forward. Lag screws are much thicker in diameter, have a coarser thread, and reach much longer lengths. The LOX-Recess screw drive was invented by Brad Wagner, and fasteners using it are distributed by licensees Hitachi,. You must countersink the hole before driving the screws (Illus. Sub-masters were created from the gold master, and the cylinders were made from these molds. Threading (manufacturing) In manufacturing, threading is the process of creating a screw thread. Screws were described as "2BA", "4BA" etc. Country furniture made with these screws can easily be dated to the 10-year period 1846 to 1856. More narrowly, self-tapping is used only to describe a specific type of thread-cutting screw intended to produce a thread in relatively soft material or sheet. 500" thick in a single operation. A nail cutting machine designed in the 1790s cut the nail's shank and reduced hand labor to only forming the head of the nail. Philips were originally invented as a replacement to flat heads and designed to torque out before they stripped screws. GaryM August 3, 2001, 4:10pm 2. businessman Henry Phillips. 18 (185) Model# FMHLGM006-50. The modern screwdriver, as we now know it, was invented by Industrialist Henry F. For example, handcrafted wooden screws were common in the 1700s and 1800s, while mass-produced screws started to become. Screws with these characteristics were produced. The deeper the screw or bolt is sunk, the more secure it will be. Find My Store. Self-Aligning Center-LocatingPunches for Threaded Holes. #1,908,080) a “recessed cruciform screw” in 1932. The Robertson screw with a square head came out in 1908, the Phillips head screw was invented in 1930, and tiny screws often found in gadgets such as iPhones and laptops were introduced in the 21st century. despite their varied sizes, you can often use a smaller size with a larger screw. Type B nails were created this way. During this period, double-bladed axes were created by the Vikings. For example, while a 1/8 inch flat-head is smaller than a 5/32 inch screw. In stock and ready to ship. First Sailboats. For the longest time, I actually thought there were only two screw bits. A 16th-century portable drum watch with sundial. Nails have been in use since the beginning of the Bronze Age, ca. It typically consists of a countersunk flat-head bolt, with a thin shank and hex head protruding from the flat. 1-1/2 in. It wasn’t until the late 1800s that screws and bolts were used. But on a factory floor, Phillips or torx can get irreversibly fouled. Slotted screw heads were the easiest to manufacture, but inventor John P. In 1867, he received U. Robertson refused, and that led the design to lose out to the Phillips screwhead in the U. Steamboats sometimes use the prefix designation SS, S. In other words, it kept device owners out of their stuff. Also known as cross-head screwdrivers, Phillips screwdrivers are one of the most common types. The reason the phillips screw was invented was to allow the screwdriver to "torque-out" of the screw rather than break the screw head off if you over-tighten it. According to the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, toolmaker Joseph Whitworth devised Britain’s first standardized screw in 1841. You might mean to compare Phillips head with for example slotted head or Torx. The Robertson screw and screwdriver, the best kept secret outside of Canada, were born. Sit just above the surface for a low-profile finish and hold tighter than flat head screws. There's a good video on YouTube that goes over the history of the Phillips and robertson screws. A washer is a thin plate (typically disk-shaped, but sometimes square) with a hole (typically in the middle) that is normally used to distribute the load of a threaded fastener, such as a bolt or nut. Wire-clamped jars such as Lightning and Atlas jars were in use from the late 19th century until 1964, and still, turn up in yard sales and thrift shops. What is a flat head screwdriver? A “slotted flat blade screwdriver” is a long standard. #10 x 3-in Epoxy Exterior Wood Screws (800-Per Box) Model # 48311. 2-7/8-in Black Ecoat Flat-Head Exterior Structural Wood Screws (50-Pack) Model # FMHLGM278-50. On the other hand, a regular screwdriver has two blades in the shape of a cross at the end. In 1892, hand irons using electrical resistance. Allows for slightly longer thread grip. Drywall screws were invented in 1950. 11,345 products. Handheld screwdrivers first appeared after 1800. This design continues. The larger profile of the tips just might be enough to grip the stripped screw head. Historical Background. S. When were phillips head screw drivers invented? The phillips head screw was invented in the 1930's and received its patent in 1936. Entirely possible, but it's still fact that it cams out under significant torque, which is usually undesirable. So if you find a furniture item using screws that have completely rounded shafts, pointed ends, and perfectly finished heads with matching cuts (much like a screw you would purchase today), the piece likely dates to the mid-19th century or later. View More Details. 25 for an apprentice. You might mean to compare Phillips head with for example slotted head or Torx. By 1940, 85% of the screw manufacturing companies had secured a license from Phillips to produce his design. Metal screws. When modeling a flat-head (non-countersunk) screw, the geometry of the head (height, dia, angle) automatically determine the 'body' of the screw. Metric High-Strength A286 StainlessSteel Button Head Torx Screws. Choose from our selection of sheet metal screws, including rounded head screws, flat head screws, and more. * Some exclusions applyView Details. If the plank needs to be removed 20, 30, 50 years later, a bad grove can. A flathead engine, also known as a sidevalve engine [1] [2] or valve-in-block engine, is an internal combustion engine with its poppet valves contained within the engine block, instead of in the cylinder head, as in an overhead valve engine . The Phillips ® screw was a great solution for the automobile production lines since it was designed to “cam-out” after a certain torque was reached to prevent over-tightening of the screw. A lug nut is a nut fastener with one rounded or conical (tapered) end, used on steel and most aluminum wheels. Thompson The Phillips screw and driver, originally invented by Portlander John P. Flat head (Slotted Head) screwdriver. These screws were invented in the 1930s by Henry F. 1800 B. Simple machine, any of several devices with few or no moving parts that are used to modify motion and force in order to perform work. P. Hex Head Screws. After that, things took off…after a fashion. The device consisted of three upright metal bars, between which the thumbs were placed. His early pumps were used primarily for land drainage, and many can still be seen today in pump house. While his boats were mechanically successful, Fitch failed to pay sufficient attention to construction and operating costs and was unable to justify the economic benefits of steam navigation. By mid-1904, the. Specifically designed for woodworking applications. 2. Flat Head Screws. Washer head self-drilling screws are popular for their efficiency and ease of use. 82 to 2. Even when screws were used, from their inception until the. Used in bolts, nuts, and a. Two thread-forming self-tapping screws with different heads. Handheld screwdrivers first appeared after 1800. 8,898 products. These irons were called sad irons because they were heavy, weighing about 15 lb (5. The exact origin of flat head screws is not known, but it is believed that they have been in use for several centuries. 10-6 and 10-7). These were made of wood with a flat rather than a pointed end, and a container to hold the material being pressed. The first skateboards were made from roller skates attached to a board. The driver used for this type of screw was an automatic screwdriver and was favored over slotted screwdrivers as the slotted driver would often slip and be generally hard to line up and use. Because the rounded upper nail shank looks regular I suspect this is one of the later members of "Early Machine Headed Cut Nails" nails, 1830 - 1850 described by your namesake. " Screws (and they were very often slotted screws) date back much earlier. Thompson, who wasn’t able to muster up any commercial interest for his screwhead. A Torx T8 screw head on a hard disk drive. The Torx, in a word, is tough. Coil spring Also known as a helical spring. In 1770, English instrument maker, Jesse Ramsden (1735-1800) invented the first satisfactory screw-cutting lathe. Phillips, an American businessman, developed this design as an improvement over the flat-head screw, seeking a solution that allowed greater torque and less slippage on the assembly line. More Options Available $ 99. In the 1st century ad , wooden screws were used in wine and olive-oil presses, and cutters (taps) for cutting internal threads were in use. From the. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. e. 169. It is not known if he made the sale or not, but the incident did drive Robertson to invent a better screw driver. Wood screws strengthen a joint with great clamping force. A Pozi head screw, on the other hand, is designed to never cam out. Comparison of countersunk and counterbored holes. A similar fastener with a male thread is known as a wing screw [1] [2] or a wing bolt. This was improved upon until the process for the cold rolling thread that was until the engineering, materials, and machines of the industrial revolution were made screws useful in building projects. They needed screws that could take greater torque and could provide tighter fastenings. In the U. Movable type and paper were invented in China, and printing with movable type was undertaken. On June 6, 1882, Henry W. Engineered using star drive technology, these screws are twice as durable as a Philips drive and prevent stripping. The big innovation came, however, in 1770 when Jesse Ramsden invented the screw cutting lathe which allowed mass production of screws with precise sizes. Metric Stainless Steel Tamper-ResistantButton Head Hex Drive Screws. In the images below there are two connections. When was the flat head screwdriver invented? As mentioned, it’s difficult to pinpoint the exact date of invention for the flat head screwdriver, as it has been in use for centuries. Pivoted scissors were not manufactured in large numbers until 1761, when Robert Hinchliffe of Sheffield produced the first pair of modern-day scissors made of hardened and polished cast steel. Head: the head is the top of the screw that includes the drive. Some designs (Audi, BMW, Mercedes-Benz, Saab, Volkswagen) use lug bolts or wheel bolts instead of nuts, which screw into a. Although the idea appeared in the mid-16th century, application of the principle was limited until the advent of screw-making machinery in the mid-19th century. As author Witold Rybczynski points out in his engaging One Good Turn: A Natural History of the Screwdriver and the Screw (Touchstone Books, 2000), squares,. Set a marking gauge to the pencil line and gauge a line at each location you need a screw. Choose from our selection of self-tapping screws, including steel hex head drilling screws, steel flat head drilling screws, and more. Common screw heads include Philips, flathead, star, and hex. A set of lug nuts is typically used to secure a wheel to threaded wheel studs and thereby to a vehicle's axles . 2 in stock Aisle 13, Bay 005. See, Henry Ford wanted inventor P. The system was patented in 1971. Also known as cross-head screwdrivers, Phillips screwdrivers are one of the most common types. Square nuts are used along with flat washers to avoid damage from its sharp edges and increase the strength of the fastener. Since the lead screws allowed for exact alignment, uniformly sized gears could be manufactured with the invention of this industrial-scale gear-cutting machine in the 19th century. We had chosen to keep all head dimensions accurate (angle, max. The #0 Phillips head screwdriver fits screw sizes 0 and 1. Brass Machine Screws — History & Manufacturing. Between 1770 and 1798, Jesse Ramsden, an English musical instrument maker, Henry Maudslay, an English engineer, and David Wilkins, an. The earliest pipes were made of clay, and are found at the Temple of Bel at Nippur in Babylonia. They’re somewhat more expensive to produce. They have a Torx drive that has more points of contact than other drives, allowing you to tighten the screw without damaging. But the story of Torx screws isn’t all sunshine and repair daisies. Initially, Torx screws were used to lock emissions units in automobiles. Archytas is sometimes called the founder of mechanics and was a contemporary of Plato. a flat self-sealing. A screw driver or drill can be used to drive a screw into place. Craftsman 9-31794 Overview. Early screws were made from wood and were used in wine presses, olive oil presses, and for pressing clothes. If the nut is flush on the screw, this. Wood Screws. The recess size range (the size of the corresponding square imprint on the screw) is from 1. for pricing and availability. If this doesn't work, try using a smaller flat head to find a spot that will grab. A flathead, once over bent or worn out can be returned to a blacksmith and remade without buying a new tool. Purchase 1-1/4-in. Shank: shank is the smooth area of the fastener between the head and thread. A Torx screw is a type of screw characterized by a six-lobed, star-patterned screw drive. At the time of this advertisement, the fittings were of the flat-top type, but Zerk fittings would soon appear. Flat head screws can have philips, hex, or slot drives. Often the crests of these screws were flat and show a slight burr of metal where the thread cutting tool has deformed rather than removed the upper surface. ”. Rybczynski found mention of the slotted screw in a technological treatise from 1588, in a book on metallurgy from 1556, and depicted on a pair of manacles in an illustration from the late 1400s. Secondly, it's often used in low tech maintenance applications, because anyone has a flat screwdriver somewhere, or can make one himself. After explaining that bolts and screws were different, here’s. A C-clamp or G-clamp or G-cramp is a type of clamp device typically used to hold a wood or metal workpiece, and often used in, but are not limited to, carpentry and welding. Slotted screws, along with Philips are among the most commonly used screws. See moreScrews (and they were very often slotted screws) date back much earlier. Flat Screws. This is the case for screws holding the planks on a wooden boat (may instead be rivets, it there is access on both sides). screw-cutting machines, but the first practical machine for the purpose was invented in 1568 by Jacques Besson, a French mathematician. With that said, archeologists have found nails in Egypt dating back to around 3,400 B. C. Flathead screws are also commonly used for securing hinges, mounting plates, and other hardware. His design featured a cross-shaped recess that was shallower and wider than other screw types, which allowed for greater engagement. Often believed that these clamps are called "C" clamps because of their C-shaped frame, or also often called C-clamps or G-clamps [1] because including the screw. The Jerwan Aqueduct (c. Modern pocket hole machines are capable of routing low-angle pockets - as low as 3 degrees - creating more flush, stronger joints by minimizing the joint shift or “creep” that occurs when creating pockets and joints by using a pocket hole jig or by hand. patent 56,587 for a small, bendable brass paper fastener that was a precursor to the modern staple. When was the screwdriver invented? The earliest documented screwdrivers were used in the late Middle Ages. Incredibly resilient creatures, bits are. Handheld screwdrivers first appeared after 1800. Shop Now. In stock and ready to ship. The late 1800s finally made screws a usable option on a large scale due to better machining techniques being made available. They were invented by Canadian traveling salesman Peter Robertson around 1906. 4 wood screws, including over 70 products in a wide range of styles and sizes. In the 1500s, screws appeared in German watches, and were used to fasten suits of armor. The screws will not be uniform with heads off center and slots off center on the heads. needed to crank out jeeps and tanks for World War II, Phillips screws were an essential component in the war effort. The ball screw is invented by Rudolph G. So old is this tool that the first historical mention dates back to the 1500s. Some historians suggest that they may have been used in ancient Egypt, while others believe that they were first used in Europe during the 16th century. Phillips, the managing director of the Oregon Copper Company, a mining outfit in. They have domed head. SLOT MART · #14 · Jul 23, 2022. Thompson invented (and patented under US Pat. ∙ 2017-10-31 01:28:43. Phillips, who developed and patented his Phillips-head screwdriver in 1933. or S/S (for 'Screw Steamer') or PS (for 'Paddle Steamer'); however, these. 1845 Henry R. BROWSE CATALOG. Screwdrivers did not become common tools until 1850 when automatic screw machines began the mass. The tool features a flat, tapered tip that fits into the slot and allows for turning of the screw. Robertson (1879–1951), 28 years before Henry Phillips patented his Phillips head screws, which are also square-drive screws. Where Flathead screws will be used to fix bookcases and cabinets etc, Roundheads may be used on. History Pre-industrial era Elevator design by the German engineer Konrad Kyeser (1405). Each change is documented, and most are patented. Even torx aren't immune against this, but then again if a torx is stuck you're more likely to round the head entirely. Flatheads were useful when tools were expensive relative to the cost of labor. Here are some of the newer thread designs and their intended advantages: QuickCutter thread (Quickscrews production screws): Deep threads and an extra-long flute above the point. E. In 1847 the French nobleman Thierry des Estivaux invented a simple hand-held pencil sharpener in its recognizable modern form. From the late-19th through mid-20th centuries, turret lathes, both manual and automatic (i. The first ever micrometric screw was invented by William Gascoigne in the 17th century,. ONLY 11. Flathead screws were used very commonly before, but are now becoming a bit outdated. It dates back thousands of years, to ancient Greece, when it's claimed Archytas of Tarentum invented an early version of the device. In 1908, Canadian Peter L. In 1905 one of his sons, Frank Curtis Jr. Made of 18-8 stainless steel, they have good chemical resistance and may be mildly magnetic. They are the simplest mechanisms known that can increase force. In manufacturing, a countersink (symbol: ⌵) is a conical hole cut into a manufactured object, or the cutter used to cut such a hole. Square-Drive Small-Head Drilling Screwsfor Joining Drywall to Metal Framing. Spring-opposed screws were invented in the year 1871 by Heller & Brightly and were incorporated by most manufacturers after 1885. #3) Hex. 1310 - Flute's sound is compared to the sound of the trumpet and trombone. 18-8 stainless steel screws have good chemical resistance and are a good choice for ACQ-treated (arsenic-free) lumber. John P. Within the decade, almost all automakers were using Phillips. Yes, but the 2 "surfaces" on a flathead are larger than the 4 "surfaces" on the philips, thus cancelling eachother out. It is designed to go into a countersunk hole, so it sits flush with the top surface. From 1811 these were produced from rolled sections of plate iron, cut into strips of the same width as the length of the nail. So square groove screws were invented. In stock and ready to ship. American engineer William Sellers did the same for his. By 1940, 85% of the screw manufacturing companies had secured a license from Phillips to produce his design. In 1908, square-drive screws were invented by Canadian P. A monkey wrench has been described as having both an L- and F-shaped appearance. 1740-1765 . Phillips. National Inventors Hall of Fame Inductee Henry Phillips invented the Phillips screw, where its significance lies in the self-centering property. Medieval presses used a handle to turn a wooden screw that moved the platen on which the. Alloy Steel Thread-Locking Socket Head Screws. Skateboarding, as it exists today, was probably born sometime in the late 1940s, or early 1950s, when surfers in California wanted something to do when the waves were flat. In Germany, around 1440, the goldsmith Johannes Gutenberg invented the movable-type printing press, which started the Printing Revolution. Like many inventions, the sailboat probably originated in ancient Egypt. Around 4000 BC, Egyptians assembled a simple rigging system and suspended a piece of cloth in the air to pull basic log boats along rivers. Even when screws were used, from their inception until the late 1800s slotted screws and drivers were the only option available. Flathead drivers were invented as a handy general purpose scraping/prying tool that can also be used to fasten Philips head screws if you can't find the correct driver. The exact origin of flat head screws is not known, but it is believed that they have been in use for several centuries. Columbia - first commercial installation of Edison electric lighting system; Second form "1880 Wire Terminal Base" socket and. From that time to the beginning of the 19th century, ca. L. S. It first. Torx screws were invented in 1967 as an alternative to the already popular Phillips screw. Screw caps' use as an alternative to cork for sealing wine bottles is gaining increasing support. Long-shanked screw eyes are termed 'vine eyes' and are used to attach support wires. Robertson founded Robertson Screw Company until he died in 1951. Sources from later periods mention elevators as cabs on a hemp rope, powered by. It is a type of gate latch that consists of a long metal rod with a curved handle and attaches to a gate by one or more fasteners. Made from A286 stainless steel, these metric screws provide the strength of alloy steel and the corrosion and chemical resistance of 18-8 stainless steel. Precision crafted in solid brass, these premium screws feature deep slots, crisp threads and sharply pointed tips. , began the Curtis Screw Company in Buffalo, New York. Sit just above the surface for a low-profile finish and hold tighter than flat head screws. Considering the invention likely predates the book by at least a few years, the mid to late 15th century is about as exact a birthday as it gets. However, with drywall, a journeyman hanger can cut large sheets of drywall to size, and nail or screw them into place. Hexagonal head screws are commonly used to assemble furniture and secure home hardware such as towel bars and faucet handles. In 1770, English instrument maker, Jesse Ramsden (1735-1800) invented the first. All three principal types of resonator guitars were invented by the Slovak-American John Dopyera (1893–1988) for the National and Dobro (Dopyera Brothers) companies. They. "Flathead, North American Indian tribe of what is now western Montana, U. Similar to flathead screwdrivers, there are a wide range of sizes and lengths for Phillips screwdrivers and they also come in both. #9 x 1-1/2-in Mechanically Galvanized Strong-Drive SD Exterior Wood Screws (100-Per Box) Model # SD9112R100.